I am curious about the types of disciplinary action against civil servants.

We understand that you are inquiring about the types of disciplinary action against civil servants that may be imposed when one is accused of misconduct.

When a civil servant is accused of misconduct, a disciplinary action may be imposed, and the types of disciplinary action against civil servants are as follows.

Reprimand - a caution for misconduct, with promotion and pay-step advancement restricted for 6 months.
Salary reduction - a measure that reduces salary for a certain period, with promotion and pay-step advancement restricted for 12 months.
Suspension - a measure under which one does not perform official duties for a certain period, with promotion and pay-step advancement restricted for 18 months.
Demotion - a measure that lowers one's rank, with promotion and pay-step advancement restricted for 18 months.
Removal - a measure that excludes one from civil service status, with appointment restricted for 3 years after removal.
Dismissal - a measure that deprives one of civil servant status, with appointment restricted for 5 years.

A civil servant who has been accused enters into a disciplinary investigation, and the disciplinary committee decides on the disciplinary action based on the results.

In this process, the civil servant is given an opportunity to defend themselves, and if the disciplinary action is deemed excessive, they may contest it through an appeal review or administrative litigation.

Before the disciplinary action becomes final, it is important to present evidence that thoroughly defends one's position.

Therefore, to avoid or mitigate a disciplinary action, it is important to respond strategically through a consultation with an experienced administrative attorney.