Practice Areas

Molestation in a Crowded Place

Molestation in a crowded place refers to the crime of molesting a person in a crowded place such as on public transportation. Molestation in a crowded place is punishable by imprisonment of up to three years or a fine of up to 30 million won.

1. Molestation in a Crowded Place | Concept

Daeryun Law Firm's Explanation of the Concept of Molestation in a Crowded Place


Molestation in a crowded place refers to committing an act that may cause sexual humiliation in a public place where many people are gathered, such as on public transportation, at a performance venue, or in a stadium.

A crowded place means a place where people are physically gathered in close proximity, generally referring to places where many people gather, such as public transportation, concert halls, movie theaters, and gymnasiums.

Molestation, in turn, refers to conduct intended to satisfy sexual desire and includes unwanted sexual contact or verbal and physical acts directed at the other party.

At this point, if the molesting act causes sexual humiliation to the victim, the charge of molestation in a crowded place applies.

Unlike ordinary indecent act by compulsion, it is a special type of sex crime that treats the ‘place' and the ‘situation' as core constituent elements.

2. Molestation in a Crowded Place | Level of Punishment

Molestation in a Crowded Place Key Practice Areas

Molestation in a crowded place is punished pursuant to Article 11 of the Act on Special Cases concerning the Punishment of Sexual Crimes.

▶Article 11 of the Act on Special Cases concerning the Punishment of Sexual Crimes (Molestation in a Crowded Place)

A person who molests another in a means of public transportation, a venue for a performance or assembly, or any other place where the public is crowded shall be punishable by imprisonment of up to three years or a fine of up to 30 million won.


In a sex crime case, where a guilty judgment of a fine or heavier is rendered, a security disposition may be imposed.

▶Registration of Personal Information

-One may become subject to the registration of personal information for sex offenders.
-Depending on the court's judgment, one's name, address, photograph, and the like may be registered with the National Police Agency for a certain period, and an employment restriction may arise in some occupational groups (education, childcare, public institutions, and the like).

▶Probation and Order to Complete Treatment Courses

-If necessary, probation or an order to complete sexual violence recidivism prevention education may be imposed concurrently.

3. Molestation in a Crowded Place | Representative Types

This section examines the representative types of molestation in a crowded place.

▶What Is a Place If the Public Is Crowded?

There is no clear definition under the statutes, but the following are representative places that fall within this category.

-Public transportation such as subways and buses during commuting hours

-Spaces crowded with many people, such as concert halls, stadiums, amusement parks, and department stores

-Places crowded with a certain number of people or more, such as elevators or congested streets

The types below all have a record of being punished as molestation in a crowded place and are matters frequently dealt with in practice.



1. Physical Contact on a Subway or Bus

-Contacting a specific area such as the buttocks, thigh, or chest with a hand or part of the body
-If the victim showed a startled or displeased reaction, there is a high likelihood that the offender's intent will be recognized

2. Pressing Against the Body

-The act of pressing one's body against another's by taking advantage of the congestion

3. Touching a Specific Area During a Performance

-If a specific area is touched amid the heat of the stage at a performance venue, club, or the like
-Even if the atmosphere of the place is relaxed, contact without the victim's consent is judged to be molestation

Cases Recognized as Molestation in a Crowded Place

Case 1. Molestation at a Performance Venue

At a singer's performance venue, with many people present and the atmosphere heightened, the act of stroking the buttocks of the person in front was recognized as molestation in a crowded place


Case 2. Molestation on Public Transportation

While using public transportation, when it became packed with people, the accused took advantage of this to touch the body of the person in front, and this was recognized as molestation in a crowded place


Case 3. Surprise Kiss on a Singer

At a performance venue, the accused gave a surprise kiss to a singer and was referred to the prosecution on a charge of molestation in a crowded place

4. Molestation in a Crowded Place | How to Respond

Daeryun Law Firm's Assistance Regarding Molestation in a Crowded Place

This section examines how to respond to molestation in a crowded place from the perspectives of the accused and the victim.

How to Respond from the Accused's Perspective

In molestation in a crowded place, the accused is often arrested on the spot, or the investigation begins later upon the victim's complaint.

If you have been identified as the accused, you should keep the following points in mind.

1. Hasty Admissions Are to Be Avoided

Statements made immediately after the incident, such as "I am sorry" or "It was not intentional," may in effect be interpreted as a confession.

There are cases where a statement alone leads to a guilty finding without objective evidence, so caution is required.

2. Securing Evidence and Organizing an Alibi

It is important to quickly secure CCTV footage, statements from nearby witnesses, and one's location and route of movement at the time.

Smartphone location records, transit card usage history, and the like may serve as means of proving an alibi.

3. Establishing a Strategy Before Attending the Suspect Interrogation

Investigative agencies generally secure the victim's statement first and then conduct the suspect investigation.

One should cooperate with the investigation while refraining from unfavorable statements, and reversing a statement may lead to credibility problems.

▶How to Respond on Your Own

-Consistency of statement is central to the assessment of credibility.
-It is advisable to prepare a written statement before the police investigation and to prepare answers to anticipated questions.
-The key is to carefully gather evidence and to objectively reveal the points that contradict the victim's claims.

How to Respond from the Victim's Perspective

Victims of molestation in a crowded place often become flustered or endure it in silence.

However, an appropriate response immediately after the harm is important.

1. Report Immediately

You should report to a station attendant, the police, or others on the spot to inform them of the situation and request a response.

Even where the offender has fled, tracking is possible by securing CCTV footage or witnesses.

2. Collecting Evidence

Traces left on clothing, notes recording the situation at the time, statements from people nearby, and the like serve as important evidence.

Using a smartphone note function, a voice recorder, photographs, and similar means is also an option.

3. Medical Examination and Counseling

-If one has suffered an emotional shock, records of psychological counseling and psychiatric treatment may assist in a later civil or criminal response.

▶How to Respond on Your Own

-You should state the facts of the harm as specifically as possible, and it is important to make notes of the date, time, location, and circumstances.
-If a statement is reversed, its credibility may be weakened, so maintaining a consistent statement is key.

5. Molestation in a Crowded Place | Key Points of Practical Defense

A molestation in a crowded place case does not result in a guilty finding simply on the fact that “there was contact.”

Legal issues such as intent, the requirements as to the place, and the credibility of statements are intertwined, so both the accused and the victim need to establish a concrete legal strategy.

Defense Points from the Suspect's Perspective

1. Asserting Accidental Contact Rather Than Intentional Molestation

The central issue is the presence of sexual intent.

Whether the contact was simply the result of being pushed within a crowd or was made deliberately can determine whether an offense exists.

▶Defense Strategy

-Securing video or photographs that show the circumstances at the time of contact, such as how crowded the subway was and the density of passengers
-Presenting circumstances showing that there was no displeased reaction immediately after the contact, or that any reaction was not immediate
-Maintaining a consistent account and emphasizing the sincerity of the position that there was no intent to molest

2. Analysis of the Victim's Statements

If the victim's statements are unclear or contradictory as to the time of the incident, the part of the body touched, or the manner of contact, this may be used as a point of defense.

▶Defense Strategy

-Pointing out inconsistencies between the content of the victim's statements and the circumstances shown in the actual video and photographic materials
-Arguing that the victim may have merely reacted excessively in a particular situation

3. Emphasizing First-Offense Status and Mitigating Factors of Remorse

If the accused is a first-time offender and has shown a remorseful attitude, including an attempt to reach a settlement with the victim, this may operate as a favorable factor in sentencing.

▶Defense Strategy

-Submitting a certificate of completion of sexual violence education
-Submitting an amicable settlement agreement with the victim or a letter of apology
-Submitting petitions from family members and colleagues at work

Defense Points from the Victim's Perspective

1. Specifying the Circumstances in Which the Molestation Could Be Clearly Recognized

The issue is distinguishing whether the physical contact caused sexual humiliation or was merely incidental.

▶Defense Strategy

-Giving a detailed account of the part of the body touched, the manner of contact, and one's psychological state at the time
-If the method resembles that used against other victims, emphasizing the repetition and intent

2. Linking the Density of the Location to the Suspect's Intent

Because intent is difficult to prove from the single fact that the contact occurred in a crowded space, a strategy emphasizing that the suspect's conduct was unusual is important.

▶Defense Strategy

-Pointing out that the suspect repeatedly approached the victim unnecessarily
-Emphasizing that the contact was not a simple brush against the body but was clearly directed at a specific part
-Securing testimony that the suspect avoided the gaze of those nearby or suddenly fled

3. Preventing Secondary Harm and Maintaining Consistency of Statements

The suspect's side often asserts false accusation or attacks the credibility of the victim's statements, so the clarity of the initial statement is very important.

▶Defense Strategy

-Maintaining a consistent account so that the statements given at the time of the initial report, the police investigation, and the prosecutorial investigation are aligned
-Counseling records and psychiatric diagnoses may also be used as materials to prove emotional shock


4. Pursuing a Civil Claim for Damages in Parallel

Separately from the criminal proceedings, a claim for consolation money may allow recovery of monetary compensation for the psychological harm.

-Securing a medical certificate regarding the fact and extent of the harm
-Securing statements regarding the course of the incident, the course of treatment, and disruption to daily life
-Using the perpetrator's remorse or lack thereof and the fact of any refusal to settle as favorable factors in the damages litigation


Molestation in a crowded place is a sensitive offense in which the outcome can vary greatly depending on the context of the incident, the credibility of the statements, and the existence of evidence, beyond the mere question of whether physical contact occurred.

The firm's sex crime response group provides comprehensive and prompt legal services, with attorneys experienced in sex crime cases who have substantial practical experience in molestation cases in crowded places handling matters from the early investigative response to courtroom advocacy and victim protection measures.

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